Grade 10

The role of business in an open market economy system is to create wealth for shareholders, employees, customers and society at large. No other human activity matches private enterprise in its ability to marshal people, capital and innovation under controlled risk-taking, in order to create meaningful jobs and produce goods and services profitably – profit being essential to long-term business survival and job creation.

This unit introduces students to personal finance including income sources, budgeting, financial planning and the use of credit. Students will identify educational requirements to achieve the level of income desired; examine work and employability skills to ensure personal growth and development; and examine financial goals and the strategies to achieve them.

Students will learn the basics of financial planning and how to make effective purchasing decisions. Various types of investments will be looked at, including interest calculations. Students will classify the major financial institutions in Canada and also learn about consumer and business credit.

This unit introduces students to current issues affecting the nation’s business. The role of marketing, accounting, human resources, and management in business success is highlighted. Students investigate relevant topics such as the role of technology, ethics and responsibility, the role of management and the rights of employees. Finally, students study business plans, balance sheets and income statement for an introductory look at these important tools.

This unit introduces students to the concept of entrepreneurship. Students identify the characteristics and skills demonstrated by entrepreneurs, research a variety of entrepreneurs, and analyze their own entrepreneurial strengths and skills. Through community involvement, students develop an understanding of how opportunities are identified and ventures created. Special emphasis is placed on inventions and innovations.

In this unit you will be introduced to the many aspects of the First World War and how this war affected Canada, both at that time and today. Students will work on developing positions on issues, researching and analyzing the positions of others, and critiquing these positions.

Students will be encouraged to look beyond the superficial content of what they study, and look for greater levels of meaning in the materials they come into contact with.  Students will investigate the Winnipeg General Strike and they will write a test on the subject matter.

Students will also write an essay discussing the lives of women in the 1920’s and the woman’s sufferage movement culminating in the election of Agnes Macphail in 1921. Students will investigate the laws regulating public morality in the 1920’s.

In this unit you will learn about the Stock Market Crash of 1929, The Great Depression in Canada and Canada in World War 2. Major events during this period, including the Great Depression and World War II, resulted from a variety of social, economic, and political factors, and affected various groups in Canada in different ways.

This was a period of strained and shifting relationships between groups in Canada as well as between Canada and other countries.

In this unit, students will discuss the Cold War. Students will learn about different military alliances including NATO and NORAD. Students will examine the Great Flag Debate and how Canada adopted the flag it waves today. Students will learn about Quebec and Canada in this time period as well as the October Crisis. Students will also learn about Pierre Trudeau and Multiculturism in Canada.

In this unit, students will investigate social change in Canada and National Unity, specifically the Meech Lake Accord, the Charlottetown Accord and the 1995 Referendum.

Students will learn about Romeo Dallaire and the Rwandan Genocide. Students will also learn about Terry Fox and why he is significant to Canadians.

Students will examine international political issues, the War on Terror and Canada’s role in Afghanistan. Students will learn about aboriginal affairs and the issues still occurring within our country, as well as about Quebec’s Sovereignty and Canada’s identity.

In this unit you will learn about Canadian Values as well as Democratic Values.

So What are Canadian Values?
Every society has values that are important to it and that set it apart from others. Canadian society is no different from other societies in this respect. There are values that are important to Canadians that may not be fully shared by other societies. Many Canadians feel that its values are what make Canada an attractive place to live.

Canadian values include freedom, respect for cultural differences and a commitment to social justice. We are proud of the fact that we are a peaceful nation.

The sociological interest in political systems is figuring out who holds the power in the relationship of the government and its people and how the government’s power is used.

Civil and political rights are a class of rights that protect individuals’ freedom from infringement by governments and private organizations, and ensure one’s ability to participate in the civil and political life of the state without discrimination or repression.

Civil rights include the ensuring of peoples’ physical and mental integrity, life and safety; protection from discrimination on grounds such as race, gender, national origin, colour, sexual orientation, ethnicity, religion, or disability; and individual rights such as privacy, the freedoms of thought and conscience, speech and expression, religion, the press, assembly and movement.

Political rights include natural justice (procedural fairness) in law, such as the rights of the accused, including the right to a fair trial; due process; the right to seek redress or a legal remedy; and rights of participation in civil society and politics such as freedom of association, the right to assemble, the right to petition, the right of self-defense, and the right to vote.

In this unit you will learn about grammar and reading comprehension.

In this unit you will learn about:

• How to use English and non-verbal communication strategies appropriately in a variety of social contexts
• How to  demonstrate an understanding of the rights and responsibilities of Canadian citizenship, and of the contributions of diverse groups to Canadian society
• How to demonstrate knowledge of and adaptation to the Ontario education system
• How to demonstrate an understanding of, interpret, and create a variety of media texts

In this unit, students will develop the skills necessary to gain confidence and familiarity with listening and speaking in various contexts. Students will learn the vocabulary related to listening and speaking. Students will learn that in English, how they say something is just as important as what they are saying by learning about the imitation technique. Students will learn how to become good communicators by learning to listen as well as paying attention to non-verbal communication. Students will also learn about the different vowel sounds used in English.

In this unit, students will be participating in a novel study. Students will put the strategies they have learned throughout this course into action. Students will identify key aspects of the text such as the setting, characters and theme. Students will take notes and answers questions on chapters.

In this unit you will learn about:

Nouns – Nouns are a part of speech typically denoting a person, place, thing, animal or idea.

Pronouns – In linguistics and grammar, a pronoun is a word that substitutes for a noun or noun phrase.

Verbs – A verb is a part of speech that conveys an action (bring, read, walk, run, learn), an occurrence (happen, become), or a state of being

Adjectives – An adjective is a “describing word”, the main syntactic role of which is to qualify a noun or noun phrase, giving more information about the object signified.

Adverbs – An adverb is a word that changes or simplifies the meaning of a verb, adjective, other adverb, clause, or sentence. Adverbs typically answer questions such as how?, in what way?, when?, where?, and to what extent?.

Transition words and phrases – Transitions are words or phrases that show the relationship between paragraphs or sections of a text or speech.[1] Transitions provide greater cohesion by making it more explicit or signaling how ideas relate to one another.

Question forms – A question is a linguistic expression used to make a request for information, or the request made using such an expression. The information requested may be provided in the form of an answer.

Negation – The prohibitive mood, the negative imperative may be grammatically or morphologically different from the imperative mood in some languages. It indicates that the action of the verb is not permitted, e.g. “Don’t you go!”

Prepositions – repositions mark various syntactic and semantic roles (of, for).

Punctuation – Punctuation is “the use of spacing, conventional signs, and certain typographical devices as aids to the understanding and correct reading, both silently and aloud, of handwritten and printed texts.”

Sentences:
A declarative sentence or declaration, the most common type, commonly makes a statement: “I have to go to work.”
An interrogative sentence or question is commonly used to request information — “Do I have to go to work?” — but sometimes not; see rhetorical question.

An exclamatory sentence or exclamation is generally a more emphatic form of statement expressing emotion: “I have to go to work!”
An imperative sentence or command tells someone to do something (and if done strongly may be considered both imperative and exclamatory): “Go to work.” or “Go to work!”

In this unit you will learn about:

• How to  demonstrate an understanding of the rights and responsibilities of Canadian citizenship, and of the contributions of diverse groups to Canadian society
• How to demonstrate knowledge of and adaptation to the Ontario education system

In this unit you will learn about communication strategies and how to listen to interact positively in conversations.  Students will write and give a speech and they will receive feedback to help learn from that experience.  Students will reflect on how to speak for academic purposes and they will create PowerPoint research project as well as present that project to the class.

In this unit you will learn about the novel Charlotte’s Web.

Charlotte’s Web is a children’s novel by American author E. B. White and illustrated by Garth Williams; it was published in 1952 by Harper & Brothers. The novel tells the story of a pig named Wilbur and his friendship with a barn spider named Charlotte. When Wilbur is in danger of being slaughtered by the farmer, Charlotte writes messages praising Wilbur (such as “Some Pig”) in her web in order to persuade the farmer to let him live.

In this unit you will practice your reading comprehension and grammar skills while you also work closely with your instructor on the other units.

In this unit you will learn about:

• How to use English and non-verbal communication strategies appropriately in a variety of social contexts
• How to  demonstrate an understanding of the rights and responsibilities of Canadian citizenship, and of the contributions of diverse groups to Canadian society
• How to demonstrate knowledge of and adaptation to the Ontario education system
• How to demonstrate an understanding of, interpret, and create a variety of media texts

• Demonstrate the ability to understand, interpret, and evaluate spoken English for a variety of
  Purposes;
• Use speaking skills and strategies to communicate in English for a variety of classroom and social purposes;
• Use correctly the language structures appropriate for this level to communicate orally in English.

You will be asked to read the Novel: HATCHET. After you are finished reading the story you will be given an opportunity to reflect on the material and respond to your fellow classmates’ reflection on the question of what the novel’s main message.  This will help to build your understanding of the material and to develop your ideas in collaboration with the instructor and your fellow classmates.

In this unit you will learn about Linear Systems.

A linear system is a mathematical model of a system based on the use of a linear operator. Linear systems typically exhibit features and properties that are much simpler than the general, nonlinear case.

In this unit you will learn about Analytic Geometry.

In classical mathematics, analytic geometry, also known as coordinate geometry, or Cartesian geometry, is the study of geometry using a coordinate system. This contrasts with synthetic geometry.

In this unit you will learn about Polynomials

A polynomial is an expression of more than two algebraic terms, especially the sum of several terms that contain different powers of the same variable(s).

In this unit you will learn about Quadratic Relations and Expressions.

The formula of a quadratic relation always has a two as the highest exponent. The formula is always of the type y = ax 2 + bx + c with a ≠ 0. b and c can be 0. Examples are: y = 3 x 2 and y = –5 x 2 + 3 x – 4.
A quadratic expression (Latin quadratus ≡ ”squared”) is an expression involving a squared term, e.g., x2 + 1, or a product term, e.g., 3xy − 2x + 1. (A linear expression such as x +1 is obviously non-quadratic.)

In this unit you will learn about Quadratic Equations.

In elementary algebra, a quadratic equation (from the Latin quadratus for “square”) is any equation having the form. where x represents an unknown, and a, b, and c represent known numbers such that a is not equal to 0. If a = 0, then the equation is linear, not quadratic.

In this unit you will learn about Trigonometry.

Trigonometry (from Greek trigōnon, “triangle” and metron, “measure”) is a branch of mathematics that studies relationships involving lengths and angles of triangles.

Students will demonstrate an understanding of the ways in which plants and animals, including humans, are made of specialized cells, tissues, and organs that are organized into systems. They will also evaluate the social and ethical implications of developments in medicine and medical technology.

Students will demonstrate an understanding of the predictable ways in which chemicals react. They will also explore how chemical reactions may have a negative impact on the environment, but they can also be used to address environmental challenges.

Students will demonstrate an understanding that Earth’s climate is dynamic and is the result of interacting systems and processes.  They will explore how global climate change is influenced by both natural and human factors.  Students will also investigate the variety of ways climate change affects living things and natural systems.  Finally, they will assess the impact of human activity on climate change and to identify effective courses of action to reduce this impact.

Students will demonstrate an understanding of the characteristics and properties of light that can be manipulated with mirrors and lenses for a range of uses.  They will also explore the ways in which society has benefited from the development of a range of optical devices and technologies.

You will be asked to begin reading about some the various important aspects of this unit.  You will be given an opportunity to reflect on the material and respond to your fellow classmates reflection.  This activity will help to build your understanding of the material and to develop your ideas in collaboration with the instructor and your fellow classmates.

Poetry uses forms and conventions to suggest differential interpretation to words, or to evoke emotive responses. Devices such as assonance, alliteration, onomatopoeia and rhythm will be explored as they work to achieve musical or incantatory effects.

The use of symbolism, irony and other stylistic elements of poetic diction will be explored as students develop critical thinking skills to enhance their interpretations of the poems. Students will see how metaphor, simile and metonymy create a resonance between disparate images.

Students will explore important elements of grammar and essay writing development. Grammar topics will include: Pronoun Agreement, verb agreement, active and passive voice, and faulty parallelism. Essay writing will include lessons on MLA formatting as well as the form and structure of a proper literary essay.

Students will explore the play’s historical context and examine its various themes and story concepts. Students will read the play and develop a comprehensive understanding of the important story elements like plot, setting and symbols as well as character development in the play.

Media Studies is a discipline and field of study that deals with the content, history and effects of various media; in particular, the mass media.

Media studies may draw on traditions from both the social sciences and the humanities, but mostly from its core disciplines of mass communication, communication, communication sciences and communication studies.

Researchers may also develop and employ theories and methods from disciplines including cultural studies, rhetoric (including digital rhetoric), philosophy, literary theory, psychology, political science, political economy, economics, sociology, anthropology, social theory, art history and criticism, film theory, feminist theory, and information theory.

McLuhan’s aphorism “the medium is the message” was not restricted to mass media, and for him all human artifacts and technologies are media. A medium is anything that mediates our interaction with the world or other humans. Given this perspective of McLuhan’s media theory is not restricted to just media of communications but all forms of technology.

Another insight of McLuhan’s relevant to media theory is that media and their users form an ecosystem and the study of this ecosystem is known as media ecology.